{"id":21449,"date":"2025-06-17T09:33:51","date_gmt":"2025-06-17T07:33:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mag.ebmpapst.com\/en\/?p=21449"},"modified":"2025-06-17T09:33:54","modified_gmt":"2025-06-17T07:33:54","slug":"emc-at-air-water-heat-pumps-electromagnetic-compatibility","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mag.ebmpapst.com\/en\/industries\/heating\/emc-at-air-water-heat-pumps-electromagnetic-compatibility_21449\/","title":{"rendered":"EMC at air\/water heat pumps: Do not disturb!"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

There is demand for effi\u00adcient and, most impor\u00adtantly, quiet air\/water heat pump systems suit\u00adable for indoor, outdoor or hybrid use, which use natural refrig\u00ader\u00adants and whose output can be intel\u00adli\u00adgently adapted to the actual condi\u00adtions. This requires fans that not only operate econom\u00adi\u00adcally at optimum effi\u00adciency and pleasant noise levels, but can also commu\u00adni\u00adcate and be intel\u00adli\u00adgently networked. As the noise and power consump\u00adtion of the speed-controlled compressor drive also have to be factored in, there is an addi\u00adtional need for inverter elec\u00adtronics that reduce oper\u00adating noise through optimum commu\u00adta\u00adtion and simul\u00adta\u00adne\u00adously improve the energy effi\u00adciency of the heat pump. <\/p>\n\n\n

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Fig. 1 While the AxiEco plug-in is suit\u00adable for heat pumps requiring a large pres\u00adsure reserve for the evap\u00ado\u00adrator, the AxiTone is geared more towards deliv\u00adering higher air flow at low back pres\u00adsure when the heat pump design requires this. (Photo | ebm-papst)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
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Heating with heat pumps<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Today\u2019s heating systems demand concepts based on renew\u00adable ener\u00adgies. ebm-papst delivers low-noise and effi\u00adcient compo\u00adnents.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Mehr erfahren <\/i><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Fans and inverter elec\u00adtronics for quiet oper\u00ada\u00adtion<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Motor and fan specialist ebm-papst supplies various types of effi\u00adcient and acousti\u00adcally opti\u00admized EC fans for air\/water heat pumps. For partic\u00adu\u00adlarly noise-sensi\u00adtive outdoor areas, for example, there are two axial ranges that are espe\u00adcially suit\u00adable for use with natural and flam\u00admable refrig\u00ader\u00adants and are extremely quiet thanks to their special design (Fig. 1). This prevents the heat pumps from becoming a disrup\u00adtive factor and allows them to blend in well with their surround\u00adings. While the AxiEco plug-in is suit\u00adable for heat pumps requiring a large pres\u00adsure reserve for the evap\u00ado\u00adrator, the AxiTone is geared more towards deliv\u00adering higher air flow at low back pres\u00adsure when the heat pump design requires this. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fig. 2: Inverter elec\u00adtronics with an output of up to 3.5 kW, 7.5 kW and 12 kW, respec\u00adtively, for effi\u00adcient and low-noise compressor drives. (Photo | ebm-papst)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Based on many years of expe\u00adri\u00adence with EC motors, their commu\u00adta\u00adtion elec\u00adtronics and heat pump appli\u00adca\u00adtions, the company has also devel\u00adoped inverter elec\u00adtronics (Fig. 2) with an elec\u00adtrical output of up to 3.5 kW, 7.5 kW and 12 kW, respec\u00adtively, which are suit\u00adable for speed-controlled perma\u00adnent magnet synchro\u00adnous motors (PSM) such as those that are often used in heat pump compres\u00adsors. The commu\u00adta\u00adtion process has been opti\u00admized over a period of decades and signif\u00adi\u00adcantly reduces noise levels. At the same time, it improves effi\u00adciency, thus increasing the COP (coef\u00adfi\u00adcient of perfor\u00admance) value of the terminal appa\u00adratus by several percentage points.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Design and testing<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

EMC compat\u00adi\u00adbility was taken into account when devel\u00adoping both the inverter elec\u00adtronics and the energy-saving EC fans. For example, inte\u00adgrated three-phase active power factor correc\u00adtion (active PFC) ensures the optimal EMC prop\u00ader\u00adties of the inverter elec\u00adtronics and EC fans. No addi\u00adtional measures are required to comply with the stan\u00addards with regard to current harmonics. Given that, depending on the size of the heat pump, conven\u00adtional expan\u00adsion valve assem\u00adblies can easily weigh up to 20 kg, consid\u00ader\u00adable weight and space savings are achieved by using inte\u00adgrated active PFC. The wiring effort is also reduced.<\/p>\n\n\n

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Fig. 3 In the EMC test labo\u00adra\u00adtory, the immu\u00adnity to inter\u00adfer\u00adence and inter\u00adfer\u00adence emis\u00adsions can be measured in compli\u00adance with the stan\u00addards on test units up to 60 m\u00b3 in size and 20 t in weight. (Photo | ebm-papst)<\/p><\/div>\n

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The EMC Labo\u00adra\u00adtory at the Mulfingen site is in oper\u00ada\u00adtion since 2021. (Photo | ebm-papst)<\/p><\/div>\n

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Fig. 4: The ferrite tiles and pyramid-shaped absorbers facil\u00adi\u00adtate the simu\u00adla\u00adtion of a free field envi\u00adron\u00adment. (Photo | ebm-papst)<\/p><\/div>\n

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Spread over two floors, the EMC test labo\u00adra\u00adtory covers a total area of 2,500 m\u00b2. (Photo | ebm-papst)<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

At ebm-papst, all EC fans and elec\u00adtronics are tested in accor\u00addance with the state of the art and using the consid\u00ader\u00adable engi\u00adneering exper\u00adtise of the large EMC labo\u00adra\u00adtory at the Mulfingen site, which has been in oper\u00ada\u00adtion since 2021. It is possible to measure the response to both conducted inter\u00adfer\u00adence in the cables and inter\u00adfer\u00adence emis\u00adsions, i.e. elec\u00adtro\u00admag\u00adnetic waves that travel through the air.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Large-scale EMC tests<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Spread over two floors, the EMC test labo\u00adra\u00adtory covers a total area of 2,500 m\u00b2. Much of this space houses the shielding and absorber rooms needed for the EMC measure\u00adment tech\u00adnology (Fig. 3), in which more than 100,000 ferrite tiles and over 4,000 pyramid-shaped absorbers are installed (Fig. 4). On the one hand, the rooms shield against external sources of inter\u00adfer\u00adence; on the other hand, they facil\u00adi\u00adtate the simu\u00adla\u00adtion of a free field envi\u00adron\u00adment. Here, the immu\u00adnity to inter\u00adfer\u00adence and inter\u00adfer\u00adence emis\u00adsions can be measured in compli\u00adance with the stan\u00addards on test units up to 60 m\u00b3 in size and 20 t in weight. <\/p>\n\n\n

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Fig. 5: With expert advice, EMC distur\u00adbance can be detected and elim\u00adi\u00adnated at an early stage. (Photo | ebm-papst)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

These test units not only stem from the company\u2019s own devel\u00adop\u00adment activ\u00adi\u00adties, but also include entire customer systems such as heat pumps with propane as the refrig\u00aderant. After all, it is not only the compo\u00adnents installed in the heat pump that must comply with the rele\u00advant EMC guide\u00adlines. The heat pump manu\u00adfac\u00adturer must prove that, during oper\u00ada\u00adtion, its entire system does not inter\u00adfere with other elec\u00adtricity-consuming appa\u00adratus in the network and is also not subject to inter\u00adfer\u00adence itself. Put simply, this means that starting the heat pump in the garden does not cause the tele\u00advi\u00adsion in the living room to flicker.<\/p>\n\n\n

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Fig. 6: Unfa\u00advor\u00adably routed cables often cause distur\u00adbances. (Photo | ebm-papst)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

The manu\u00adfac\u00adturers of heat pumps are familiar with the chal\u00adlenges that need to be addressed. For example, unfa\u00advor\u00adably routed cables often cause EMC prob\u00adlems. It there\u00adfore makes sense to check EMC compat\u00adi\u00adbility before actual certi\u00adfi\u00adca\u00adtion so that the time to market is not delayed unnec\u00ades\u00adsarily. Multiple test cycles are often neces\u00adsary and slots are diffi\u00adcult to come by in many test labo\u00adra\u00adto\u00adries. For this reason, ebm-papst offers its customers the oppor\u00adtu\u00adnity to test entire systems in its labo\u00adra\u00adtory, serving as a devel\u00adop\u00adment partner and providing access to its many years of heat pump expe\u00adri\u00adence (Fig. 5). EMC distur\u00adbance can then be detected and elim\u00adi\u00adnated at an early stage (Fig. 6), enabling the heat pump to be brought to market more quickly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

There is demand for effi\u00adcient and, most impor\u00adtantly, quiet air\/water heat pump systems suit\u00adable for indoor, outdoor or hybrid use, which use natural refrig\u00ader\u00adants and whose output can be intel\u00adli\u00adgently adapted to the actual condi\u00adtions. This requires fans that not only operate econom\u00adi\u00adcally at optimum effi\u00adciency and pleasant noise levels, but can also commu\u00adni\u00adcate and [\u2026]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":42,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"wp_typography_post_enhancements_disabled":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[16,8,9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-21449","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-fans","category-heating","category-refrigeration-ventilation"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mag.ebmpapst.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21449","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mag.ebmpapst.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mag.ebmpapst.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mag.ebmpapst.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/42"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mag.ebmpapst.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=21449"}],"version-history":[{"count":21,"href":"https:\/\/mag.ebmpapst.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21449\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":21472,"href":"https:\/\/mag.ebmpapst.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21449\/revisions\/21472"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mag.ebmpapst.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21449"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mag.ebmpapst.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=21449"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mag.ebmpapst.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=21449"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}